The frozen land surfaces of the northern high latitude are in a particularly dynamic phase due to arctic amplification of a warming climate. The standard thinking is that as these systems thaw the resulting changes in the surface microtopography determines the surface hydrology and thus the biogeochemistry of the carbon cycle. For some time. we have been able to link the gross processes (e.g. thawing, flooding and flux) at the m to km scales:The question then becomes can we link the landscape scale processes to the underlying, molecular-scale biological and chemical processes ? The discussion presented in this talk will focus on the challenges involved in our attempts to integrate the observations we can make of CH4 at local scales into a quantitative understanding of processes.